Hello! I need 2 passages to be paraphrased into 4-5 original sentences!

Your goal is to SUMMARIZE – put things in your own words fromyour understanding of the paragraph. Your goal is not to have onebig quote – so please use your own words and summarize the materialby paraphrasing. NO QUOTING.

PASSAGE 1:

No culture is, or has been, characterized by a permanently fixed setof material objects, systems of organization, or even ideologies.Cultures are essentially in a state of flux. Some changes are majorand pervasive. The transition from hunter-gatherers to sedentaryfarmer, affected markedly every facet of the cultures experiencingthat change and the experiences of the people living in thosecultures. Profound, too, was the impact of the Industrial Revolutionand its associated urbanization on all the societies that it hastouched. However, many changes are so slight individually as to goalmost unnoticed at their inception, though cumulatively they maysubstantially alter the affected culture. Think of how the cultureof the United States differs today from what you know it to have beenin 1940. Such cumulative changes occur because the cultural traits ofany group are not independent, they are clustered in a coherent andintegrated pattern. Change on a small scale can have widerepercussions as associated traits accommodate to the adoptedadjustment. Change, both major and minor, within cultures, isinduced by innovation and diffusion. Innovation implies changes to aculture that results from ideas created within the social groupitself. Diffusion is the process by which an idea or innovation istransmitted from one individual or group to another.

Source:Bjelland, Mark D. and Jerome D. Fellmann. 2013. HumanGeography: Landscapes of Human Activities. 12^thedition. New York:McGraw Hill. p. 52.

PASSAGE 2:

When continental glaciers began their retreat some 11,000 years ago,the activity and awareness spaces of Stone Age humans were limited.As a result of pressures of numbers, need for food, changes inclimate, and other inducements, those spaces were collectivelyenlarged to encompass most of the terrestrial world. Migration –the permanent or planned long term relocation of residential place –has been one of the enduring themes of human history. It hascontributed to the evolution of separate cultures, to the diffusionof those cultures and their components by interchange andcommunication, and to the frequently complex mix of peoples andcultures found in different areas of the world. Indeed, it has beena major force in shaping the world as it is today and continues to bean important force in ongoing world change. Massive movements ofpeople within countries, across national borders, and betweencontinents have emerged as a pressing concern of recent decades. Theyaffect national economic structures, determine population density anddistribution patterns, alter traditional ethnic, linguistic, andreligious mixtures, and inflame national debates and internationaltensions.

Source:Bjelland, Mark D. and Jerome D. Fellmann. 2013. HumanGeography: Landscapes of Human Activities. 12^thedition. New York:McGraw Hill. p.78.